This accidental find prompted a full-scale archaeological excavation, revealing even more extraordinary relics. Among the most striking discoveries was a repoussé gold sheet depicting the Buddha in the Vitarka Mudra — a hand gesture symbolizing teaching and wisdom. Measuring approximately 3.15 by 4.9 inches, the piece exemplifies the masterful metalworking of the Dvaravati period, with intricate details such as spiral curls and elongated earlobes, hallmarks of Buddhist iconography.


Wat Dhammachak Semaram: A Nexus of Faith and Artistry

The temple itself is a significant historical site, believed to have been constructed during the reign of King Ramaraj. In addition to its colossal reclining Buddha—positioned with its head facing south and its gaze eastward — the temple houses a sandstone Dhammachakra (Wheel of Dharma) adorned with depictions of forest deities linked to sacred trees like the Bodhi and Banyan. These carvings provide further insight into the spiritual and artistic traditions of the era.

The newly uncovered artifacts, now under study at the National Museum of Phimai, include metallic Buddha images, terracotta amulets, glass beads, and inscribed stone slabs. Each piece contributes to a growing understanding of the Dvaravati civilization’s sophisticated craftsmanship and religious expression.


The Dvaravati Period: A Flourishing of Culture and Exchange

Spanning the 6th to 11th centuries, the Dvaravati period was marked by artistic innovation and cross-cultural exchange across Southeast Asia. The repoussé goldwork found at Wat Dhammachak Semaram highlights the era’s advanced metallurgical techniques, while the stylistic elements of the artifacts suggest influences from neighboring regions. The blending of Hindu and Buddhist motifs in the artwork underscores Thailand’s role as a dynamic center of religious and cultural interaction.


A Legacy Preserved in Gold and Stone

The discoveries at Wat Dhammachak Semaram offer a rare window into the Dvaravati civilization, revealing the profound connections between spirituality, artistry, and daily life. These artifacts not only illuminate the technical prowess of ancient craftsmen but also reinforce the enduring legacy of a period that shaped the cultural and religious landscape of Southeast Asia.

As researchers continue to analyze these finds, each relic adds another piece to the puzzle of Thailand’s rich and complex past.

For more on Southeast Asian archaeology and heritage, follow ongoing excavations at the National Museum of Phimai.